Welcome to the week’s Pulse: updates affect how rankings move during a spam update, what Google builds inside AI answers, how readers pick your site as a

Here’s what matters for you and your work

Google Begins Rolling Out The August 2026 Spam Update

Google began rolling out the August 2026 spam update on August 18, its third spam update this year

Key facts:

The Search Status Dashboard says the rollout may take a few days. The March update finished in under 20 hours, and June took about two days. Google hasn’t announced new spam policies with it, and its spam updates page hasn’t changed since December

Why This Matters

Wait until the rollout is complete for the full picture, then read your Search Console numbers from August 18 onward. Google’s John Mueller took questions about this week’s update, covering why spam updates are necessary and why rollouts don’t start before Google announces them

Read our full coverage: Google Begins Rolling Out The August 2026 Spam Update

Generative UI Starts Reaching AI Overviews

Google’s generative UI, which builds custom layouts and interactive tools inside answers, has started reaching AI Overviews

Key facts:

Generative UI builds custom layouts, interactive tools, and simulations on the fly, matched to the searcher’s question. It launched in AI Mode in November alongside Gemini 3. It’s live globally in English in AI Mode, and Google’s announcement doesn’t say when the AI Overviews rollout will finish

Why This Matters

When Search can build a mortgage calculator or an interactive diagram inside the answer, pages built around those tools compete with the results page itself. Check which of your pages earn traffic because of an embedded tool. Those pages are the ones exposed as this expands

Read our full coverage: Google Expands Generative UI Beyond AI Mode Into AI Overviews

Websites Get a New Preferred

Google is rolling out three personalization features across Search, Discover, and Google News, headlined by a new Preferred

Key facts:

Clicking the button adds the site as a Preferred er Google’s documentation, selected sites are more likely to appear in Top Stories and can carry a preferred badge in AI Overviews and AI Mode. More than 600,000 unique y

Why This Matters

The button is a visibility lever that runs through your audience instead of the algorithm. Once a reader sets the preference, it follows them across Top Stories, AI Overviews, and AI Mode, and the embed code is already in Search Central

What SEO Professionals Are Saying

Gianluca Fiorelli, an international SEO and AI search consultant at ILoveSEO.net, reacted on X to Google’s announcement:

“Again. Personalization everywhere”

Read our full coverage: Google Expands Personalization Across Search, Discover & News

Reddit’s ChatGPT Citation Drop Has No Confirmed Cause

Reddit’s share of ChatGPT Search citations fell in mid-August, according to new data, and the leading explanation doesn’t fully explain it

Key facts:

Between July 18 and August 7, Reddit accounted for 3.83% of ChatGPT Search citations, dropping to 0.52% from August 14 to 17, an 86.4% decrease. The first drop on August 8 coincides with increased background queries to specific sites by ChatGPT Search. The reason for the second drop remains unclear

Why This Matters

A citation metric might unexpectedly go down in just a week, often without any notice and sometimes for reasons that are hard to figure out. That’s why it’s helpful to view Reddit more as a reflection of your brand than as a simple citation strategy

What SEO Professionals Are Saying

Lily Ray, Vice President, SEO and AI Search at Amsive, wrote on X in a quote-post of marketer Ross Simmonds’ commentary on the decline:

“Watch all of this return Reddit back to what it was supposed to be in the first place”

Read our full coverage: Why Reddit’s ChatGPT Citation Drop Isn’t Fully Explained

Theme Of The Week: Rankings Weren’t The Only Thing That Moved

This week, three stories go beyond typical ranking updates. Generative UI allows the tool to instantly create what a searcher needs. Preferred em. Meanwhile, Reddit’s contribution to ChatGPT citations has significantly decreased

The spam update remains the usual ranking tool, functioning as it always does. The other updates depend on what gets built into the answers, reader preferences, and citations. Since reader preference is something you can directly influence, the new preferred

Top Stories Of The Week:

  • Google Begins Rolling Out The August 2026 Spam Update
  • Google Expands Generative UI Beyond AI Mode Into AI Overviews
  • Google Expands Personalization Across Search, Discover & News
  • Why Reddit’s ChatGPT Citation Drop Isn’t Fully Explained

More Re

  • AI Assistants Are Choosing Local Businesses For Your Customers
  • Google Brings Gemini 3.7 Flash To AI Mode In Search
  • Google Search Results Still Rank Heavily AI-Flagged Pages

Featured Image: Ground Picture/Shutterstock

CategorySEOSEO Pulse

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AI Revolution
Palo Alto Networks (PANW) Forecast: AI Cybersecurity Growth Drives Bullish Momentum
By: Lucas Downey
Updated: Aug 21, 2026, 14:52 GMT+00:00
Live PricePalo Alto Networks, Inc. Common Stock

$357.87

+2.38%

Key Points:

  • Palo Alto Networks shares are up 90% in 2026 as institutional buying returns ahead of the company’s Sept. 1 earnings report.
  • Fiscal Q3 revenue rose 31% to $3 billion, while next-generation security ARR jumped 60% and full-year revenue guidance reached $11.425 billion.
  • Seven Big Money outlier inflow signals in the last year coincided with a 91% share-price gain, reinforcing the bullish institutional-demand case.

In this article:

  • +2.38%

Cybersecurity company Palo Alto Networks, Inc. (PANW) rises 3,913% since first institutional outlier inflow signal in 2013

PANW is an AI-first cybersecurity company offering network security solutions to enterprises, service providers, and governments. PANW’s third-quarter 2026 report showed $3 billion in revenue (a 31% year-over-year rise), $8.13 billion in next generation security annual recurring revenue (a 60% jump), non-GAAP per-share earnings of $0.85, and raised full-year revenue guidance to a high end of $11.425 billion and up to $3.79 in non-GAAP diluted EPS. The company reports again on Sept. 1.

No wonder PANW shares are up 90% so far this year – and they could rise more. MoneyFlows data shows how Big Money investors are again betting heavily on the stock

Palo Alto Boosted by Institutions

Institutional volumes reveal plenty. In the last year, PANW has enjoyed strong investor demand, which we believe to be institutional support

Each green bar signals unusually large volumes in PANW shares. They reflect our proprietary inflow signal, pushing the stock higher:

Palo Alto Networks (PANW) one-year chart shows renewed institutional inflows as shares rise 90% in 2026

Plenty of technology names are under accumulation right now. But there’s a powerful fundamental story happening with Palo Alto

Palo Alto Fundamental Analysis

Institutional support and a healthy fundamental backdrop make this company worth investigating. As you can see, PANW has had strong sales and earnings growth:

  • 3-year sales growth rate (+18.9%)
  • 3-year EPS growth rate (+199.6%)

Source: FactSet

Also, EPS is estimated to ramp higher this year by +8.8%

Now it makes sense why the stock has been generating Big Money interest. PANW has a track record of strong financial performance

Marrying great fundamentals with MoneyFlows software has found some big winning stocks over the long term

Institutions Remain Buyers

Palo Alto has been a top-rated stock at MoneyFlows. That means the stock has unusual buy pressure and growing fundamentals. We have a ranking process that showcases stocks like this on a weekly basis

It’s had seven Big Money outlier inflow signals in the last year, gaining 91% in that time. The blue bars below shows when PANW was a top pick…institutions remain buyers:

PANW outlier inflow chart highlights seven institutional buying signals over the past year as shares gain 91%

Tracking unusual volumes reveals the power of money flows

This is a trait that most outlier stocks exhibit…the best of the best. Big Money demand drives stocks upward

Palo Alto Price Prediction

The PANW action isn’t new at all. Big Money buying in the shares is signaling to take notice. Given the historical gains in share price and strong fundamentals, this stock could be worth a spot in a diversified portfolio

Disclosure: the author holds no position in PANW at the time of publication

If you are a Registered Investment Advisor (RIA) or are a serious investor, take your investing to the next level and follow our free weekly MoneyFlows insights

About the Author

Lucas Downeycontributor

Lucas is a well-versed equity investor and educator. He currently is co-founder of research and analytics firm, MAPsignals.com, which focuses on finding outlier stocks by following the Big Money

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Rosenblatt Initiates Shopify at Buy, Says AI Fears Are Overblown
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Rosenblatt Securities initiated coverage on Shopify with a Buy rating and a $175 price target, arguing that fears about artificial intelligence disrupting the e-commerce platform are overstated. Analyst Scott Devitt highlighted Shopify’s co-development of the Universal Commerce Protocol with Google and Shop Pay as positioning the company to benefit from agentic commerce rather than be displaced by it. The initiation follows a strong second quarter in which revenue grew 34% to $3.58 billion, GMV rose 32% to $115.6 billion, and free cash flow jumped 55% to $654 million. AI-attributed traffic and orders both tripled. Shopify’s B2B GMV surged 76%, and merchant retention rates remain exceptionally high at 92% for million-dollar merchants over five years. The stock trades at approximately 67 times 2026 free cash flow estimates, and consensus analyst ratings remain Strong Buy with no Sell ratings. Key risks include potential AI platform control over customer relationships, rising credit losses, and execution demands implied by the premium valuation.

Key Elements
Rosenblatt Initiates Shopify at Buy, Says AI Fears Are Overblown

Shopify (SHOP) picked up a new Wall Street bull Thursday after Rosenblatt Securities initiated coverage with a Buy rating and a $175 price target, arguing that fears artificial intelligence could disrupt the e-commerce platform are overstated. The target implies roughly 19% upside from current levels and comes as Shopify shares remain down 8.9% year to date, leaving investors divided over whether AI represents a threat or a new growth engine.

Rosenblatt analyst Scott Devitt called Shopify a dominant e-commerce software enabler and said the company’s position inside merchant infrastructure could make it a beneficiary of agentic commerce rather than a casualty. “Shopify co-developed the Universal Commerce Protocol with Google, positioning its catalog for agentic shopping, and Shop Pay as a checkout layer that is compatible for checkout,” Devitt said.

That argument matters because one of the biggest concerns surrounding commerce platforms is that AI assistants could increasingly control product discovery and purchasing, potentially weakening the direct relationship between merchants and existing platforms. Rosenblatt’s view is that large language models will still need to route transactions through established commerce infrastructure

The firm also identified Shopify’s B2B and international businesses as underappreciated growth opportunities with long runways. Rosenblatt further highlighted free cash flow and operating leverage as valuation supports

A “Monster Quarter”

The initiation comes on the heels of what Shopify President Harley Finkelstein called a “monster quarter.” Second-quarter revenue grew 34% year-over-year to $3.58 billion, and gross merchandise volume increased 32% to $115.6 billion. Meanwhile, free cash flow jumped 55% year-over-year to $654 million. Traffic generated by AI and orders originating from AI channels to Shopify stores both tripled

Third-quarter guidance calls for another low-30% revenue gain, which doesn’t settle every question around AI and commerce but does weaken the idea that agents will simply route around the cloud-based e-commerce platform

No single business line carried Shopify’s Q2. Merchant Solutions revenue climbed 37% to $2.78 billion, while Subscription Solutions grew 22% to $802 million. Shopify Payments penetration also reached 68% of GMV, up from 64%, with the platform processing $78.1 billion through Payments. That was 38% more than last year

Growth was broad geographically, too. North American GMV rose 28%, while European GMV advanced 34% in constant currency. Offline GMV increased 32%, and B2B GMV surged 76%. This was Shopify’s fifth straight quarter with GMV growth above 30%

Metric Q2 2025 Q2 2024 YoY Change
Revenue $3.58B $2.67B +34%
GMV $115.6B $87.6B +32%
Free Cash Flow $654M $422M +55%
Merchant Solutions Revenue $2.78B $2.03B +37%
Subscription Solutions Revenue $802M $657M +22%

Note: GMV prior-year figure is approximate based on reported growth rate

AI: Threat or Tailwind?

One number from the quarter stood out to analysts: merchants reaching $1 million of annual GMV have a five-year retention rate of 92%. At $10 million, retention rises to 97%. This means that instead of simply relying on a steady pipeline of new enterprise sign-ups, Shopify is actively turning its current merchant base into larger businesses

The AI bear case sounds reasonable at first. If shoppers eventually buy through OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Google’s Gemini, or Microsoft’s (MSFT) Copilot, perhaps they will stop visiting individual online stores. However, those agents still need accurate product information, inventory, merchant rules, payments, and a reliable checkout process. Shopify already provides all of that

The early data is also moving in Shopify’s favor. AI-attributed traffic and orders to Shopify stores both tripled. Searches using Shopify’s structured Catalog converted at twice the rate of searches relying on scraped product data. New-buyer orders coming from AI channels arrived at nearly twice the rate of other channels as well

Shopify also has a fairly direct response to the threat. It co-developed the Universal Commerce Protocol with Google, which gives AI agents a common language for product discovery, carts, and checkout, while leaving the merchant’s pricing, inventory, and business logic intact. Every Shopify merchant is already UCP-ready. Shopify is also supporting native purchases inside Google’s AI experiences and Copilot.

AI is doing work inside the merchant dashboard as well. Daily active merchants using Sidekick rose 3.6x year-over-year, while daily sessions increased 4.8x. Merchants created 36,000 custom apps during Q2, three times the number created in Q1. Sidekick’s onboarding guidance also increased the share of merchants reaching five orders within 15 days by 8%

Valuation and Risks

Shopify has a market cap of about $193 billion. Current consensus estimates call for free cash flow of about $2.87 billion in 2026 and $3.62 billion in 2027. That puts the stock at around 67x this year’s estimate and 53x next year’s. Those forecasts imply free-cash-flow growth of 43% this year and another 26% in 2027

Shopify also ended Q2 with nearly $5 billion in cash and marketable securities, and it repurchased $1.42 billion of stock during the quarter

Profits held up well in the quarter. Gross profit rose 31% to $1.71 billion, operating income increased 68% to $488 million, and the free-cash-flow margin widened from 16% to 18%. It was not a spotless quarter, however. Gross margin slipped by about one percentage point, while transaction and loan losses rose to $141 million from $80 million as Shopify expanded its payments and lending exposure

The most important test is whether Shopify can convert its AI integrations into higher merchant activity rather than simply protecting its current position. Investors should watch adoption of agentic-shopping tools, Shop Pay usage, and whether AI-driven discovery translates into higher gross merchandise volume across Shopify’s ecosystem

B2B and international expansion are equally important. Faster growth in those businesses would support Rosenblatt’s argument that Shopify still has multiple underpenetrated markets ahead of it

The risk is that AI platforms gain more control over customer discovery and economics than Rosenblatt expects. If Shopify becomes only the back-end infrastructure while AI agents capture more of the consumer relationship, its pricing power could come under pressure. For the bullish case to strengthen, Shopify needs to pair AI relevance with sustained free-cash-flow growth and operating leverage

Despite the stock’s steep rally in recent weeks, Shopify carries a Strong Buy consensus rating, based on 26 Buy ratings and four Holds. Notably, no analyst rates the stock a Sell. The average price target of $171.39 implies roughly 17% upside over the next 12 months. If revenue growth stays above 25% and the free-cash-flow margin moves into the low-20% range on a lasting basis, Shopify can grow into the current multiple faster than many investors might expect. But there is not much room for a bad stretch. Slower GMV growth, rising credit losses, or disappointing returns from AI spending could bring that multiple down well before cash flow catches up.

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Key takeaways

  • A social media marketing certification is a professional credential that validates your expertise and proficiency in an area of social media

  • Popular social media marketing certifications and certificates include the Hubspot Social Media Marketing Certification, Hootsuite Social Media Marketing Certification, and the Adobe Content Creator Professional Certificate

  • A social media marketing certification may be worth it to you if you need to fill skill gaps in your resume, transition from another industry, or bolster your credentials for a promotion

Explore some of the more popular social media marketing certifications—and certificates—in more detail, and learn how to decide which is best for you. Afterward, if you’re interested in gaining a strong, beginner-friendly foundation in social media, consider enrolling to earn the Meta Social Media Marketing Professional Certificate

While certifications validate what you know, certificates can be a great way to learn something new or advance your skills. We’ve gathered together seven social media marketing certifications and certificates from recognized industry leaders to consider if you’re looking for ways to strengthen your skill set and resume

1. Hubspot Academy: Social Media Strategy Certification Course

This certification course focuses more on how to build an engaging social media strategy, and is intended for small business owners, influencers, and marketing managers who would like to upskill into social media. The course takes a little over five hours, and includes 10 videos and 29 quizzes

Cost: Free

2. Digital Marketing Institute: Social Media Marketing Course

Developed by an advisory council of professional social media marketers, the DMI Social Media Specialist course draws more heavily on recent advancements of AI and other technologies to improve social media strategies. You’ll also learn about optimization, content creation, video, and key social media platforms

After completing the 27 hours of course content, you’ll need to pass a two-hour exam, which is included in the cost of the course

Cost: $2,060 USD

3. Hootsuite: Social Marketing Certification Course

Hubspot’s certification is both a training course and exam. The course covers the fundamentals of social media, including developing a strategy and community, striving for inclusivity, and measuring your results. To receive the online credential, you’ll need to pass a 60-question final exam covering the key principles of social media

Cost: $199 USD

4. eCornell: Social Media Marketing Certificate Program

eCornell’s certificate program emphasizes strategy and is intended for those already working in social media, such as content creators, as well as those who are adjacent, such as product managers and entrepreneurs. You’ll learn about the purchase funnel, effective content marketing, and influencer marketing, among other topics. It takes seven <a href="https://justfineinfotech.com/4-best-free-courses-on-udemy-for-students/” title=”4 best free courses on Udemy for students”>courses to earn this certificate, which the school says takes around five months.

Cost: $3,750

5. LinkedIn Learning: Develop Your Social Media Advertising Skills Learning Path

LinkedIn’s social media program focuses more on Instagram, advertising on the platform, and measuring impact. It requires eight courses and is designed for social media professionals and small businesses alike

Cost: Free 1-month trial, then $39/month with LinkedIn Learning subscription

6. Adobe Content Creator Professional Certificate

If you’re more interested in the content creation side of social media and want to strengthen your skills in that area, consider the Adobe Content Creator Professional Certificate. Over four courses, at an average time of four months, you’ll design and multimedia fundamentals, social media strategy, and how to use AI to accelerate your content creation

Cost: Free 7-day trial, then $59 per month with a subscription

The type of social media credential you earn will depend on your goals. Before we review the different possibilities, let’s first clarify the distinction between these two credentials

  • Certification:These programs are generally intended for professionals who need to verify their professional knowledge and skills with an official credential by passing an exam proving their expertise. The certification may provide some amount of education, but the emphasis is on successfully studying for and passing an exam proving your knowledge of a subject

  • Certificate: These programs emphasize education and are meant to build and develop your knowledge and skill set through learning materials like lectures, assignments, quizzes, and tests. You can also earn a final certificate once you successfully complete the program

If you’re interested in validating your social media knowledge, earning a certification can be a useful option. On the other hand, if you’re seeking to build foundational and advanced social media knowledge and skills, then a certificate may be a better choice at first

Building or strengthening your digital marketing skills with a social media marketing certificate or certification can offer several career benefits. Not only is it an opportunity for professional development, providing the space and time to strengthen your skill set or develop new knowledge, but what you do learn can translate into career opportunity

While these types of credentials are not expected from employers, they can help set you apart from other candidates. They can also show you have up-to-date social marketing training and know how to use social media marketing strategies to drive business goals

Learn more:Social Media Jobs: 6 Roles to Explore

Follow the steps below to begin your certification journey: 

1. Identify your social media marketing goals

Get clear on what you want to achieve as a social media marketer. Are you looking for an introduction to social media, ways to advance what you already know, or something more formal to validate your professionalism? Here are some examples of goals that you can draw from to articulate your own: 

  • Become familiar with the latest features on different social media platforms. 

  • Learn how to strategize and create content for new channels.  

  • Advance into a leadership position in marketing. 

2. Select the best social media marketing certification for you

Using the list above as a starting point and spend time researching each program to find the one that aligns most with the goal you’ve identified. Factors you’ll need to consider include: 

  • The cost

  • The time it takes to complete the coursework

  • The breadth and depth of the coursework 

  • How the certification outcomes correspond to skills employers are looking for  

  • What kind of credential you’ll get at the end

3. Register for and complete the coursework. 

Once you’ve chosen a program, your next step is to complete the coursework. Be sure to allot sufficient time in your schedule to learn the material and be mindful of any deadlines by which you have to take a certifying exam. 

4. Share your credentials.   

Depending on the certification you get, you may be able to showcase your new credentials online. Sharing your credential on your social media, website, portfolio, or in an email signature, for example, represents your new skills visually and can attract employers. 

5. Update your skills periodically. 

As social media continues to evolve, it’s important to update your skills to make the most of each platform and its features and remain competitive in the job market. 

Some certificate programs may require you to recertify on a regular basis to maintain your credentials. Taking social media courses and building digital skills in other focus areas such as email marketing, mobile marketing, Google Analytics, content marketing, and search engine optimization (SEO) can also expose you to the latest marketing tactics, technologies, strategies, and digital marketing tools.

Keep building your marketing expertise with Coursera’s free resources

Keep up-to-date on industry trends and tools with a subscription to Career Chat, our weekly LinkedIn newsletter. Then, consider checking out our other free reur skills:

  • Learn from an expert:Marketing Career Path: How I Became a Brand Marketing Manager at Coursera

  • Plan your path:Digital Marketing Learning Roadmap: Beginner to Expert

Learn job-ready skills from industry leaders like Meta, Adobe, Google, Microsoft, and IBM with a Coursera Plus subscription—available in monthly and annual tiers. You’ll get a certificate for every program you finish, which you can add to further enhance your resume

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Updated on Aug 19, 2026
Written by:

Coursera Staff

Editorial Team

Coursera’s editorial team is comprised of highly experienced professional editors, writers, and fact

This content has been made available for informational purposes only. Learners are advised to conduct additional research to ensure that courses and other credentials pursued meet their personal, professional, and financial goals

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Key takeaways

  • Freelancer jobs include accountant, app developer, graphic designer, photographer, translator, web developer, content creator, and more

  • To become a freelancer, first determine if freelancing is right for you and what services you’ll offer; then, determine your target market, obtain necessary licenses, and organize and promote your business

  • A freelancer is a self-employed professional who works independently to provide services to multiple clients instead of a single employer

To get a job as a freelancer, you can use freelancer websites like Fiverr and Freelancer.com and look for work in industries like accounting and finance, business, creative arts and design, digital marketing, health care, media, real estate, and technology. Discover what it takes to freelance and the top jobs that you can do as a freelancer

If you’re interested in learning more about setting up a successful freelancing career, consider enrolling in the Building Your Freelancing Career Specialization from CalArts, where, in as little as one month, you’ll have the opportunity to learn how to build a steady income stream. Upon completion, you’ll have earned a shareable career certificate and had the opportunity to learn in-demand skills, such as contract management, customer experience improvement, and competitive analysis, that can help you succeed as a freelancer.

What is a freelancer?

A freelancer is a self-employed individual. Unlike a part-time or full-time job that entails working for a company a certain number of hours per week, freelancers make their own schedules, choose their own work location, and take on as many projects or clients as they need or want at any given moment. They are essentially their own company, and they hire out their services

As a freelancer, you’ll be hired for your knowledge and specific skill set in your preferred field or niche. Freelancing is an increasingly popular mode of work. In 2026, 38 percent of skilled workers chose to freelance, up from 28 percent in 2025, and 58 percent of full-time workers were considering becoming freelancers to access better career opportunities [1]

Which industries hire freelancers?

Because freelancing has grown in popularity in recent years, a number of different industries may be open to hiring you as a freelancer, depending on what skills you have to offer. As of 2025, 48 percent of chief executive officers (CEOs) report plans to increase freelancer hiring to close skill gaps and remain competitive in an uncertain economy [2]. These are the industries that typically hire freelancers:

  • Accounting and finance

  • Business

  • Creative arts and design

  • Digital marketing

  • Health care

  • Media

  • Real estate

  • Technology

What is a freelance salary?

A freelance salary in the US varies from $31,000 to $275,000 per year, with the average yearly salary coming in at $99,230 [3]. Your earnings as a freelancer will depend on factors such as your experience level, skill set, education and training, location, and documented credibility

14 freelance jobs to explore

A freelancer can offer almost any service imaginable, and most industries have job listings that are specifically geared toward freelancers. By freelancing, you can turn your passions into profitable projects and use your skills to help clients resolve their problems

We’ve gathered 14 jobs that you can explore when you’re interested in doing them as a freelancer

*All salary information represents the median total pay in the US, from Glassdoor as of August 2026. These figures include base salary and additional pay, which may represent profit-sharing, commissions, bonuses, or other compensation

1. Accountant

Median total pay: $92,000

A freelance accountant performs the same tasks as a regular accountant but works independently from a firm. Some standard job offerings for freelancing accountants may include bookkeeping services, preparing invoices, filing taxes, and creating budget reports. As a freelance accountant, you can choose which services you’d like to offer and your rates

  • Gain a foundational understanding of accounting principles and an introduction to QuickBooks Online through hands-on practice with the Intuit Academy Bookkeeping Professional Certificate

2. App developer

Median total pay: $117,000

As a freelance app developer, you’ll create, manage, and improve digital applications for a select client base. The type of app you develop as a freelancer will determine the kind of app developer you are, specifically in regard to software specialization. If you specialize in iOS software, your job prospects may be different from those of someone who works with Android applications. If you work with a variety of platforms, your job prospects may be wider, and you might work to develop cross-platform applications.

  • Learn how to build applications for iOS devices and start a new career as an iOS Developer with the Meta iOS Developer Professional Certificate

3. Data entry specialist

Median total pay:$49,000

On a day-to-day basis, data entry specialists organize and analyze data in spreadsheet format. A vast number of industries need data entry specialists, so the type of data you work with as a freelance specialist may vary, but the work of managing the data will not. This versatile role allows you to adapt your skills to diverse data-related projects while maintaining the core principles of data management throughout your freelance career.

Learn more:What Is Metadata Management?

4. Graphic designer

Median total pay: $63,000

Freelance graphic designers create digital images and content. As a freelancer, clients typically hire you on a project-by-project basis. Therefore, all of your work would depend on a client’s needs and expectations, so you can assist them in bringing their ideas to fruition. If you specialize in visual arts like drawing, painting, or digital art, this might be a good position for you

  • Learn about visual storytelling principles and how to effectively communicate ideas through design with the Adobe Graphic Designer Professional Certificate

5. UX designer

Median total pay: $108,000

Similar in some respects to graphic design, a UX designer optimizes the interaction between humans and digital products, such as an app or website. If you’re hired as a freelancer, you’ll have to work to understand both the brand and its users so you can create an engaging experience for both

  • Learn about UX design and work toward a professional portfolio that will include three end-to-end projects with the Google UX Design Professional Certificate

6. Interior designer

Median total pay: $76,000

Freelance interior designers work with a variety of clients to aid in the decorating, furnishing, and styling of homes and offices. You can bring client ideas to life, working closely with them throughout the design process. It is recommended that interior designers have a bachelor’s degree in fine arts or interior architecture to boost credibility, but not all clients or companies require it

7. Photographer

Median total pay: $60,000

Clients hire freelance photographers for their skills in photography and image editing. As a freelance photographer, you may work in different scenarios such as weddings, family portraits, sporting events, or food or wildlife photos. Versatility is always great when it comes to creative positions, but here it might benefit you to specialize in one or two types of photography to build a solid network of clientele.

  • Learn about the fundamental principles of photography, from camera control to principles of composition and creativity, with Michigan State University’s Photography Basics and Beyond: From Smartphone to DSLR Specialization

8. Public relations specialist

Median total pay: $81,000

As a public relations specialist, you’d help maintain the public image of an organization or private client. In today’s ever-growing digital age, public relations is centered around technology and social media. A successful public relations specialist is good at coordinating with people and will be able to help clients promote and manage their company or brand’s image

  • Learn about public relations and communications strategies and how to identify and evaluate metrics for strategy success with the Microsoft Public Relations and Communications Associate Professional Certificate

9. Social media manager

Median total pay:$72,000

Freelancing as a social media manager typically entails the management of brands, products, companies, or other clients through social media marketing. As a social media specialist, you’ll work closely with clients to help them build and promote their brand across various social media platforms, whether it’s Instagram, X (formerly Twitter), or TikTok

  • Gain the skills and learn the tools needed to grow an engaging social community and run effective social media advertising with the Google Digital Marketing & E-commerce Professional Certificate

10. Translator

Median total pay: $82,000

Freelance translators often work on a project-by-project basis to translate different types of writing or audiovisual materials from one language to another. As a translator, you may specialize in the creation of subtitles to make movies or TV shows more accessible for people who speak different languages. You could also translate a written document word-for-word as a freelance translator

11. Virtual assistant

Median total pay:$53,000

Working as a virtual assistant can mean various things, but essentially, a virtual assistant works to support a client or business from a home office. As a virtual assistant, you might manage social media or email accounts, schedule appointments, book travel accommodations, or aid in digital marketing. Some freelance assistants choose to specialize in marketing or social media management, while others work with the full scope of tasks.

12. Web developer

Median total pay: $101,000

Freelancing as a web developer is a great way to use your programming and computer skills to build a career with more flexibility. Web developers are typically tasked with the creation, improvement, or management of websites to streamline business success. To be a successful web developer, you should be proficient in things like coding, programming, and graphic design. These skills will allow you to help your clients bring their goals and ideas to life.

  • Learn how to plan, build, deploy, and test web designs and applications with the IBM Front-End Developer Professional Certificate

13. Writer

Median total pay: $89,000

Freelance writing is a popular choice given the different types of writing that businesses and clients typically need. Depending on your area of expertise, you may be a copywriter, content writer, copy editor, social media specialist, technical writer, scriptwriter, journalist, or fiction writer, and take on different projects or clients

  • Learn how to arrange a complex set of information in a reader-friendly way and consistently hit deadlines with the University of Michigan’s Good with Words: Writing and Editing Specialization

14. Content creator

Median total pay:$62,000

With the growth of social media and video platforms like TikTok, making content to develop and grow audiences has become an incredibly popular freelancing career. Content creators either make content for brands or run their own channels as influencers, producing videos and other content to engage with their audience

  • Learn about the principles of visual storytelling and design, as well as how to effectively communicate ideas through your content, with the Adobe Content Creator Professional Certificate

Benefits and risks of freelancing

As freelancing becomes more popular each year, initiating a career as a freelancer is now more straightforward; however, it’s vital to consider its advantages along with its disadvantages

Benefits of freelancing

There are a number of benefits to freelancing. Working as a freelancer is a great side gig you can do from home to bring in some additional income. Depending on what your regular schedule looks like, it may be possible for you to generate more income without adding too many working hours to your day

As a freelancer, you’ll have a lot of independence and freedom to coordinate your workload. When you’re self-employed, you’ll get to choose which clients to take on, what type of work you want to conduct, and how many projects to handle at once

Starting a freelance career can also be very affordable if you already possess the right tools and skills for the jobs you want

Risks of freelancing

While there are many benefits to freelancing, you should also be aware of a few of its drawbacks. One of the biggest things to remember is that it will take time for you to generate enough clients and projects to obtain full-time pay. Also, your work stability and income can be inconsistent, depending on your field or skill level

Full-time freelancing does not come with any additional benefits paid for by a company, such as health care, since you are working independently. That also means freelancers have to report their own taxes. According to the IRS, self-employed individuals must file annual returns and make quarterly payments on estimated tax [4]

If you’re serious about becoming a freelancer, don’t let the drawbacks deter you. With confidence, dedication, and organizational skills, you can start your freelance journey

How to become a freelancer

Although there’s no set way to freelance, many choose to find an “anchor client” that provides a significant percentage of their income, then pick up additional clients as needed. Here are some strategies to help you get started as a freelancer:

1. Determine if freelancing is right for you

The freelance work style sounds great on paper: flexible hours, being your own boss, choosing your own clients; but, like in any other career change, it’s important to weigh the benefits and drawbacks and consider how freelancing might fit into your current lifestyle. You may be very well-prepared to be a full-time freelancer, or you may choose to freelance on the side. Regardless, consider easing into freelancing to see if it’s right for you.

2. Choose which services you’ll offer

Freelancers are hired for their expertise in a specific industry or skill set. Because freelancers can offer almost any skill, it’s important that you determine which skills you feel most equipped to offer clients. If you have a clear set of skills conducive to freelancing, it will be easier to build a portfolio and take on new clients

3. Define your target market

When setting up your freelancing business plan, especially if you plan to do it full-time, you’ll need to choose a specific market and set of services within that market to offer to your clients. Once you’ve chosen a target industry, you can market yourself more effectively to potential clients

4. Obtain licensing/permits

Whether you need specific licenses or permits depends on where you live and where you work from. Typically, you don’t need any permits to work under your legal name, but if you are working under a business name, you may need to look into obtaining the proper licensing before conducting work

5. Organize and promote your business

After you’ve chosen a target market and determined what skills you’re most equipped to offer, it’s time to set your prices and start marketing yourself. One way to create a strong online presence is to build a website that displays your credentials, resume, and portfolio of your work. A website link is easy to include in messages to potential clients and will help boost your professional credibility.

A portfolio is a great way to demonstrate your abilities to potential clients. A strong portfolio may include things like past work examples, testimonials, mock-ups for future projects, and accomplishments. Think of your portfolio as your way to show (not just tell) your clients the real value of your work and how they can take advantage of it

It’s crucial to maintain a LinkedIn profile because it provides a specific online space for marketing and networking among professionals. If you haven’t updated your LinkedIn profile in a while, now may be the time

6. Find and retain clients through freelancer websites

It’s important to actively pursue jobs as a freelancer. Although you may receive offers through your marketing efforts, actively pursuing projects or clients aligned with your interests can further enhance your network. A great part of freelancing is getting to turn your passions into a career, so be sure to pursue projects you’re passionate about

After establishing a client base, it’s crucial to maintain those relationships while actively promoting your services to expand your professional network. Take advantage of reverr, Freelancer.com, Guru, and LinkedIn can help you find job listings in your niche

Freelancing can be unpredictable at times, since you’ll work on a project-by-project basis. This is why it helps to build a larger network to avoid missing out on work opportunities for extended periods

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Article sources

1. 

Upwork. “The Future Workforce Index 2026: AI, Freelancing, and the New Value of Work, https://www.upwork.com/research/research-future-workforce-index-2026.” Accessed August 12, 2026

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Updated on Aug 19, 2026
Written by:

Coursera Staff

Editorial Team

Coursera’s editorial team is comprised of highly experienced professional editors, writers, and fact

This content has been made available for informational purposes only. Learners are advised to conduct additional research to ensure that courses and other credentials pursued meet their personal, professional, and financial goals

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When it comes to online courses, there are few websites that offer a wider range than Udemy. Founded in 2010, theplatform has grownfrom its humble beginnings to host more than 54 million learners, 741 million course enrollments, and over 204,000 online programmes to encourage learning

The best part? There are many free courses on Udemy that are available, allowing everyone — regardless of budget — the opportunity to learn and develop skills that are important for career and personal development

It’s a response to a sharp rise in demand from people to learn online — which, in turn, is a consequence of the ever-competitive job market. Darren Shimkus, president of Udemy,explains it best:

“The biggest challenge for learners is to figure out what skills are emerging, what they can do to compete best in the global market,” he said at the 2020 USD $50 million round of Udemy. “We’re in a world that’s changing so quickly that skills that were valued just three or four years ago are no longer relevant. People are confused and don’t know what they should be learning.”

From time management to coding, free courses on Udemy are available across every aspect of learning. More than that, some allow you to gain certifications or licenses as well that can be shared on LinkedIn and across other professional platforms — perfect for any student

10 best free courses on Udemy for students

From time management to coding, these free courses are great for every student to consider. Source: Hoang Dinh Nam/

From time management to coding, these free courses are great for every student to consider

From time management to coding, these free courses are great for every student to consider

A Mini Course on Time Management

Time management can be a tricky — but crucial — skill to answer. As a student, there are many reasons for this: balancing assignments with your social life, or juggling exams and your fitness levels. Either way, it’s undeniable that any help with managing your time can significantly boost your productivity and stress levels

A Mini Course on Time Managementruns you through seven steps you can immediately use to become more productive and master your time management. You will also be taught the common “time management traps” that people often fall into, how to structure your mornings more productively, and how to do three hours of work in one

Programming 101 

Programming can be overwhelming, especially for those who aren’t in the field — but it doesn’t have to be.  

Programming 101 is a fun and no-nonsense guide to understanding how computers really work, rather than jumping straight into programming languages. You’ll learn everything from binary bits to networks and code, even variables and functions to routers, HTTP, and software ethics.  

PowerPoint for Beginners

Being a student means creating endless PowerPoint decks for your classes. The thing is, there’s probably a chance your deck isn’t as eye-catching enough to keep your classmates engaged. 

This course is for those looking to learn how to navigate the software, design clean slides, and use animation and transitions like a pro. By the end, you’ll feel confident presenting and creating on PowerPoint.  

Code Your First Game: Arcade Classic in JavaScript on Canvas

Certain free courses on Udemy offer you the chance to create and engage in tasks that wouldn’t be available to you unless you were in a specific industry.Code Your First Game: Arcade Classic in JavaScript on Canvasis one of them

Here, you’ll have the opportunity to programme your first game. You’ll learn the fundamentals of gameplay development by practice rather than theory — by writing and running real code on your own machine

You don’t need any prior software or other installations — all you require is a text editor and a web browser, and you’re set to go

How To Build A Website Using WordPress 

Building a website might sound intimidating, but trust us, it’s easier than you think. Besides, if you learn how to build a website as a student, you can showcase projects, build a portfolio, or even start a side hustle

How To Build A Website Using WordPress is a fast, beginner-friendly course that shows you how to create fully functional, mobile-friendly sites in under two hours. You’ll learn step-by-step, design your own logo, and walk away with a website you can proudly share.  

PS: No knowledge of coding is needed. 

Photography skills will be useful for your travels as well as everyday life

Introductory Photography Course

With the popularity of social media apps such as Instagram and TikTok, shooting quality photo and video content is more important than ever. Not only will this help make your personal feed more attractive to others, but open up other content-creating opportunities with partner companies, as well

No matter if you own a full DSLR camera or the latest smartphone, thisIntroductory Photography Coursewill be a great help in taking better pictures. Learn about the basics of how your camera works and the correct techniques for shooting photographs. By the end of this course, you’ll be able to confidently take pictures that look great — and be able to share them with the world

How to Design and Prototype in Adobe XD 

Apps are essential to all of us in our everyday lives. But are you curious about how they’re made?  

This free Udemy coursewill give you a hands-on, step-by-step guide to creating stunning app designs from scratch through Adobe XD (Adobe Experience Design)

Your own ideas will be transformed into on-screen designs and brought to life through working prototypes you can share online

HTML5 and CSS3 Fundamentals

Building a website is a skill few can claim to have mastered. Given the everyday use of the internet — through social media, browsing, and news — this can be surprising. WithHTML5 and CSS3 Fundamentals, however, you don’t need a background in programming to create your own website — just a few hours to spare

Learn how to build a complete, functioning website section by section. Here, you’ll be taught the basics of HTML5 and CSS3; to control your website’s appearance, functionality and navigability; and learn the best practice techniques for building websites and web pages

Public Speaking Essentials: How to Craft Your Personal Story 

Public speaking is something every student faces, whether it’s for class presentations, networking, or even job interviews. The challenge? Keeping your audience engaged and actually making an impact.  

Public Speaking Essentials: How to Craft Your Personal Story will teach you how to turn your experiences into powerful, memorable stories. You’ll learn how to hook your audience, structure speeches quickly, and deliver with confidence.  

Make Your Writing Stand Out in Eight Easy Steps 

As a student, you’ll be writing essays throughout your entire time at university — and that doesn’t mean it’ll stop once you graduate, for example, resumes, cover letters, and reports. 

Besides, when a professor grades your paper, you have to remember that he’s grading over 100 assignments too. So, you’ll have to find a way to stand out

Disclaimer: This article was updated on April 8, 2026

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Source: studyinternational.com

The U.S. Department of Education (ED) is urging schools to take a more deliberate approach to education technology, saying the central question should be whether the tools districts use truly improve teaching and learning.Written by Kirsten Baesler, assistant secretary of the Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, the Aug. 20 Dear Colleague Letter (DCL) acknowledged growing concerns about excessive screen exposure while drawing a distinction between recreational technology and tools used for the purpose of education, conveying that ed tech should be judged by its instructional value, not by screen time alone.“The question before education leaders is not whether technology can support learning, but whether individual tools are selected, implemented and evaluated in ways that advance specific education goals,” Baesler wrote.

ED TECH VS. SCREEN TIME

The guidance did not dismiss worries about how much time students spend on screens, but claimed that those concerns require a siloing between recreational technology use — e.g., scrolling Instagram, watching television at home, playing noneducational video games — and educational technology that is purposefully integrated into instruction.“These concerns deserve thoughtful consideration. They also require careful distinction,” Baesler wrote. “Recreational technology and education technology should not be viewed as synonymous.”In the DCL, Baesler explained how technology has strengthened teaching and expanded educational opportunity, particularly when it is tied to clear instructional goals and implemented effectively. She pointed to examples where technology has served to improve learning, such as connecting rural students to advanced coursework, helping students with disabilities access curriculum through assistive technology, and providing both educators and families with timely information about student progress.Jean-Claude Brizard, president and CEO of the nonprofit Digital Promise, welcomed that distinction, particularly amid growing criticism of technology use in schools.“There’s been so much vitriol and so many things happening when it comes to education technology,” Brizard said. “I always get nervous whenever I see noneducators try to dictate what educators should be doing.”Sara Schapiro, executive director of the nonprofit Alliance for Learning Innovation, similarly said the ED’s distinction between recreational and instructional technology was important, but she also noted that the guidance rightfully does not reject concerns about excessive screen use.“If it’s not mapped to clear instructional goals, then it doesn’t have a use in the classroom,” she said.

PROVING ED TECH WORKS

The recommendations also set a higher bar for determining which tools belong in classrooms in the first place. In the department’s letter, Baesler said ed-tech investments should be guided primarily by evidence of efficacy, alongside considerations such as accessibility, interoperability, cost and a district’s ability to implement a product effectively.In a news release accompanying the DCL, the department distilled that approach into five questions it said every education technology product should be able to answer: What learning problem does it solve? When should it be used? For whom should it be used? For how long should it be used? And what evidence demonstrates that it improves student learning?Baesler urged schools to look beyond vendor claims and consider evidence such as third-party evaluations, randomized controlled trials, parent feedback and local outcome data when making decisions about products. The letter also called on ed-tech companies topublish independent evaluations when feasible, provide implementation guidance, and be transparent about product quality and efficacy.“Responsible design is the floor … but it does not by itself ensure educational value,” Baesler wrote. “Not only do we need to know if the tool works, but if it works; why does it work, for whom does it work, and under what conditions.”

WHAT DISTRICTS AND VENDORS SHOULD DO

Moreover, the guidance framed responsible ed-tech use as a shared responsibility across states, districts, educators, families, researchers and technology providers.For districts, selecting a product with evidence behind it is only the beginning. The guidance calls for schools to continually assess whether technology is producing its intended results, while providers are expected to refine their products based on evidence and feedback.According to Brizard, the recommendations themselves are realistic, but putting them into practice will require districts and states to build structures for continuously evaluating whether the technology they use is effective.“The real implementation is going to be the challenge,” he said.That responsibility extends to how districts work with ed-tech vendors. While the DCL calls on providers to produce evidence of effectiveness, share implementation guidance, and be transparent about their products’ capabilities and limitations, Brizard argued that districts can also use their purchasing power to push companies toward stronger standards.“You can’t always rely on the altruism of a company,” he said. “What drives market is customers. … If the customer demands certain things, it’s going to happen.”Schapiro said the guidance’s impact will likely vary across districts, but state education agencies may play an important role in determining how widely its recommendations influence local decision-making.“I spent a lot of my career working directly with districts, and I think it’s going to run the gamut because some districts will be fully tapped into what is happening in sort of the screen time, ed tech, AI debates, and other districts will, you know, be trucking along,” she said.State education agencies, she added, are likely to pay close attention to the federal recommendations and bring them into conversations with state lawmakers.“But states will be reading this closely, and I think that will then affect the way districts are doing business,” Schapiro said.
PolicyEducationDigital TransformationK-12

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Source: www.govtech.com

PRMMS Hero 2026
marketing interactive

For years, marketers have tried to meet consumers where they are. Right now, that “where” is less inbox, less home page, less feed, and a lot more chat bubble

Across Southeast Asia, messaging apps such as WhatsApp have quietly become the default layer of daily life. Not just for the “Hey, are you free later?” but for everything from shopping to delivery tracking to customer service. The result is a fundamental rethink of what the customer experience actually means

Unlike more mature desktop-led markets, much of Southeast Asia moved straight into mobile-first behaviour, with WhatsApp already embedded in how people co-ordinate with family, settle bills, and make decisions. It was not a channel brands designed into the marketing funnel, but one they are now catching up to

And the expectation is already clear. A Meta and Kantar study found that 73% of online adults want to message businesses the same way they message friends and family. As that line between personal and commercial conversations blurs, traditional channels alone can no longer carry the full weight of the customer experience

When speed becomes the experience

Email remains one of marketers’ most important channels, but customer expectations have evolved

The challenge often appears during moments of high intent. Whether a consumer has abandoned a cart, is considering a purchase or is waiting for an order to arrive, speed matters

As Germaine Tay, head of marketing, Asia at Klaviyo, puts it: “Email is not the problem. Treating email as the only tool for every moment is.”“The breakdown happens in high-intent moments – abandoned carts, pre-purchase questions and post-order reassurance. These reward speed and conversational ease.”

In many cases, consumers simply want answers quickly. A delayed response can mean the difference between a completed purchase and a lost sale

In Southeast Asia’s mobile-first economy, where more than 70% of eCommerce transactions happen on mobile, customers are constantly bouncing between apps, tabs and chats before they finally commit. Increasingly, it is messaging that resolves that hesitation or allows it to quietly disappear

The strongest use cases do not treat WhatsApp as another promotional channel. Instead, it becomes a layer for timely, contextual interaction at moments where immediacy matters most, whether that is a reminder that an item is still sitting in a cart or a proactive delivery update before customers even ask for it

“A good WhatsApp experience does not feel like a campaign,” Tay emphasised. “What makes this work is that WhatsApp cannot operate in a silo. When the marketing message, the support reply and the order update all come from the same thread – informed by the same customer data – the experience feels continuous.”

Why conversation drives conversion

The obvious appeal of conversational channels is engagement. The less obvious one is performance

Klaviyo’s Southeast Asia WhatsApp quick-start guide shows WhatsApp consistently outperforming both email and SMS across key metrics. Email open rates tend to sit between 35% and 45%, while WhatsApp can reach up to 98%. Click-through rates follow a similar pattern

But the story is not just about higher numbers. It is about reducing the distance between interest and action

In that sense, messaging helps eliminate one of the biggest barriers to conversion: uncertainty. By placing product information, calls to action and response options within a single conversation thread, WhatsApp can significantly shorten the path from consideration to purchase

Some early results back that up. Nutrition brand Jimmy Joy used WhatsApp as an exclusive early-access layer for its Black Friday Cyber Monday campaign. It reached less than 5% of its marketing list, but drove nearly 30% of Klaviyo-attributed revenue

Loop Earplugs, meanwhile, saw a 22% opt-in rate among existing customers and generated twice the revenue per recipient compared to SMS

Closer to home, furniture brand Omnidesk reported a 63-times return on investment within its first five months using WhatsApp through Klaviyo

“WhatsApp through Klaviyo has been the highest-ROI channel we’ve activated in years. For SEA brands, it’s not a nice-to-have anymore, it’s where the customer actually is, and Klaviyo made it operational in days instead of quarters,” said Benjamin Huang, managing director and co-founder, Omnidesk

Still, there is a fine line between helpful and intrusive. People who opt into WhatsApp are not simply opting into another marketing channel. They are allowing brands into a far more personal space, and that privilege can quickly erode when messaging becomes excessive, irrelevant or disruptive

The challenge is no longer channel choice

The real problem now is not which channel to use. It is what happens when none of them talk to each other

Customers do not care whether it was email, WhatsApp or a help desk ticket. They just expect the brand to remember them

“When your email platform does not know what your WhatsApp tool sent yesterday, and your support help desk has no visibility into either, the customer pays the price,” Tay said

That usually shows up as duplicated messages, irrelevant offers or the classic “sorry, can you repeat that?” moment in customer support

Increasingly, the smarter play is not channel optimisation. It is a connection between channels

“The brands winning right now understood this before it became consensus,” Tay said. “The ones struggling are still treating WhatsApp as a broadcast channel with a green logo.”

Because in the end, no one is thinking in channels. They are just in a conversation with a brand and noticing when it stops making sense

Ready to unlock the power of WhatsApp with Klaviyo? Download this free e-book to discover proven strategies, real-world use cases, and a 30-day launch plan

This article was written in collaboration with Klaviyo

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Source: www.marketing-interactive.com

Artificial intelligence is moving into the biotech sector with the kind of speed that makes every lab meeting feel slightly behind. Models can now help researchers read papers, design proteins, rank molecules, analyze images, and propose experiments. Automation systems can generate data around the clock. For a field like biology where experiments can often be slow, expensive, and fragile, this is exciting.1

But a quieter problem is hiding underneath the enthusiasm. Engineers can spin up models quickly, and bench scientists can generate complex biological data, but there is still a clear space between those groups. That space is where many AI projects in biology either become useful or quietly drift into irrelevance

An engineer may look at a high-throughput screen and see input features, labels, missing values, training sets, and prediction tasks. A bench scientist may look at the same screen and see a slightly stressed cell line, an edge effect on the plate, a reagent lot that behaved differently, a control that technically passed but felt suspicious, or a readout that should not be compared across two assay formats without caution.

Both perspectives are needed. In many AI projects, engineers might flatten the biological context so that the data can move cleanly into a pipeline. While in some labs, biologists may treat computational needs as something to figure out after the experiment is complete, by when much of the useful metadata may be gone

This is why integrating AI into the life sciences needs scientist-engineer translators. These are people who understand enough biology to know which variables matter, enough data science to know how those variables will be used, and enough laboratory reality to know where protocols bend under pressure

My own work sits at this intersection of biology, assay development, automation, and model development. That experience has made me see AI in biology less as a replacement for experimental judgment and more as a feedback loop: data inform models, models inform experiments, and scientists keep both grounded in biological reality. In practice, that means helping define reasonable thresholds, explaining experimental subtleties that may not be obvious from a dataset, and giving engineers the scientific context that they need to build tools that scientists can actually trust.

Not All Data Deserve the Same Weight

An AI translator working in the biotech sphere will know that more data does not automatically make a model better. More data can help, but only if the data are comparable, interpretable, and connected to the question being asked. For example, they know that quality control (QC) is an integral part of the experiment. Which wells should be excluded? How strict should the threshold be? When should a borderline control invalidate a plate, and when should it be allowed because the biological trend is still meaningful?

Scientists make these decisions constantly. They may apply a strict threshold in one assay and a more lenient one in another because they understand the readout, system variability, or purpose of the screen. That reasoning rarely fits neatly into a spreadsheet column, but it is exactly the context engineers need when creating AI models

Predictions Need Scientific Constraints

An AI model can generate a predicted molecule or sequence that may look impressive initially but may be difficult to synthesize, unstable, toxic, incompatible with a delivery system, or otherwise scientifically useless. Additionally, a model may suggest a next experiment that is theoretically interesting but impractical for the assay format, cell type, timeline, or automation platform

This is where scientific intuition matters. Someone has to ask whether a prediction lives within the realm of practicality. A constrained model sends teams toward hypotheses they can actually evaluate

The AI Translator Can Help Integrate AI Tools More Effectively

For AI tools to be useful in life sciences, both scientists and engineers must define the use case tightly. What decision is the tool supposed to support? What data will it use? What should it refuse to answer? What uncertainty should it report? What would make a scientist trust it enough to change an experiment? Without that focus, AI tools become impressive but vague

The AI translator can help narrow down that problem by turning the idea of “using AI for biology” into something more concrete. They can critically evaluate the output of AI tools by selecting the next candidates, flagging assay artifacts, comparing campaigns, identifying missing metadata, drafting a protocol modification, or explaining why a prediction should not be trusted

Scientists Also Need to Learn the Model’s Language

While scientists do not need to become full-time engineers to work well with AI, they do need to understand how AI models will use their data

A scientist who knows how a model learns will design experiments differently. They will think about which negative data are worth preserving, which controls should stay consistent across campaigns, how metadata should be structured from the beginning, and what additional data might improve predictions

Scientists need to explain why they trust one result more than another, why two datasets should not be merged casually, or why a threshold that looks arbitrary is actually grounded in assay behavior

While AI tools can assist with analysis, writing code, checking syntax, and exploring patterns, an AI translator can help scientists gain a better understanding of what they are asking these tools to do

Automation Will Not Fix Context by Itself

Automation adds another layer to this problem. Lab robots can improve precision, throughput, and reproducibility, but they also introduce their own language barriers. Many platforms depend on proprietary scripting, rigid method structures, vendor-specific software, and integration steps that do not match how scientists think about protocols.4

AI tools can help make automation more flexible. But for automation to work well, the system should know not only what step comes next, but why that step matters and which changes would compromise the experiment. Here an AI translator can integrate a scientist’s description of a dilution series, plate transfer, or assay modification in plain language into the AI model and have the system translate it into a protocol.

The Middle Layer Is the Work

AI will continue to improve. Models will become faster, more capable, and easier to access. Automation will become more common. The question is whether biotech teams will build the human infrastructure needed to use these tools well

The future will not belong only to the best model builders or only to the best experimentalists. It will also depend on people who can stand between them and translate

The AI translator role may not have a clear title yet. It may be called data scientist, automation scientist, product scientist, computational biologist, application scientist, or something else entirely. But the work is becoming unavoidable

Biology becomes AI-ready when scientists make the context visible, engineers build systems that can use that context, and both groups stay in conversation long enough for the model to learn from the experiment, not merely from the spreadsheet

  1. Notin P, et al. Machine learning for functional protein design. Nat Biotechnol. 2024;42:216-228.
  2. Durant G, et al. The future of machine learning for small-molecule drug discovery will be driven by data. Nat Comput Sci. 2024;4:735-743.
  3. Taddese AA, et al. Data stewardship and curation practices in AI-based genomics and automated microscopy image analysis for high-throughput screening studies: Promoting robust and ethical AI applications. Hum Genomics. 2025;19:16.
  4. Rapp JT, et al. Self-driving laboratories to autonomously navigate the protein fitness landscape. Nat Chem Eng. 2024;1:97-107.

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Source: www.the-scientist.com

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